Temperature of the Polar Inner Heliosheath: Connection to Solar Activity

Abstract We study the thermodynamics of plasma protons in polar regions inner heliosheath (IHS) and its connection with solar activity over cycle 24. First, we express thermodynamic parameters this respect to year energetic neutral atom (ENA) creation perform a statistical analysis temperatures, order provide more precise characterization IHS. Then, an autocorrelation between IHS temperature activity, using proxies sunspot number fractional area coronal holes. show that there is (i) high correlation time series proton temperatures number, which maximized for delay τ ∼ 2.5 yr both north south combined; (ii) negative hole areas, where two poles combined 2.71 ± 0.15 yr; (iii) asymmetry time-delay difference ∼0.22 yr, indicating southern ENA source region ∼19 au closer than northern one wind bulk speed ∼400 km s −1 . The findings demonstrate through wind, primarily manifested by holes expanding near minimum, drives expansion fast larger angles from down middle latitudes